Error 1

Could not display the GUI. This application needs access to an X Server.

Solution

You have to install fonts via yum.
$ yum install dejavu-sans-fonts

Afterwards you can use the console mode with -c switch.

Error 2

Finishing your setup
Now sit back while we set up your JIRA instance. It will take a minute or two to complete.
An internal error occurred and we are unable to complete JIRA setup
java.nio.file.NoSuchFileException: /opt/jira/atlassian-jira/import/startupdatabase.xml
You can try to restart JIRA setup or contact Atlassian Support.
 Configuring your database
 Initializing the plugin system
 Setting up your JIRA environment
 Finishing the setup

Solution

I created a sub-directory "import" under atlassian-jira
I copied startupdatabase.xml from atlassian-jira/WEB-INF/classes to  atlassian-jira/import/  directory.

Stopped and re-started the JIRA using  ./startup.sh

Error 2

Setup: We can't locate your JIRA home directory
Your JIRA home directory has important information on how JIRA works, so you need to make sure it's set up correctly.
Review our documentation for more information on setting your JIRA home.

Solution

./atlassian-jira/WEB-INF/classes/jira-application.properties
jira.home =/opt/jira/atlassian-jira