How does “technical debt” make it hard to become a software-driven company?
- Technical debt is paid off by business units that do not trust IT.
- Attention paid to existing investments prevents focus on new ones. (Ans)
- Too much technical debt means that you can’t automate systems.
- Technical debt cannot be paid off without support from commercial vendors.
According to the Puppet Labs State of DevOps Report, teams can increase deploys-per-day as they increase dev count.
- True (Ans)
- False
Why does the application team take responsibility for deciding how much work to take into a software sprint?
- So the application team knows the priorities of what needs to be done
- So that the team feels an obligation to complete the work (Ans)
- Because product owners aren’t adept at estimating level of effort
What’s one reason to regularly merge code into a master branch instead of using feature branches?
- Reduce integration and debugging waste later on (Ans)
- Reduce the number of broken builds each day
- Most source control systems don’t support branching.
Why should developers, operators, and support staff share a single ticketing system?
- It’s cheaper to run a single system.
- Support teams should choose the system used by the company.
- You can avoid losing data as customer information moves between systems. (Ans)
What’s the point of sending regular, structured team updates to executives?
- Show positive trends to justify the team’s existence
- Share core business metrics and delivery momentum (Ans)
- Demonstrate what new technologies the team is using
Which of the below is NOT a useful source of info for new engineers to learn about the application they deliver?
- Deployment pipeline
- Source code
- Team wiki
- Tribal knowledge (Ans)
Why is it useful to have a regular operations review with management?
- Track each application team using uniform measures
- Stay focused on customers while improving quality of entire organization (Ans)
- Focus on where each team is finding success
- Solve problems for a particular service experience issues
How can you use data to make decisions about resizing application teams?
- Marginalize the engineer who is responsible for the most production issues.
- Assess who writes the most lines of code and move that engineer among teams.
- Look at team velocity and understand expected impact of new team members. (Ans)
Why are relationships important within a DevOps team?
- Teams unite against common adversaries within the organization.
- You can create lasting friendships outside of the office.
- You can build trust that comes in handy during a crisis. (Ans)
DevOps is characterized by:
- Cultural norms and collaboration practices that enable the fast flow of high-quality work (Ans)
- Installing automation suites for testing and service management
- Developers with production access who regularly push their code to production
- Developers and Operators reorganized into the same department
In which way is an enterprise DevOps different from DevOps at a small company?
- More functional silos in place (Ans)
- Optimized for efficiency instead of raw throughput
- Smaller IT budget for new software
- Less focus on delivering all the way to production
Which of the below is the primary point of the daily team standup?
- Let developers demonstrate new features they are working on.
- Give team members an opportunity to deliver a status update.
- Orient the team on the most important issues of the day. (Ans)
Who should be part of an on-call rotation?
- Operators
- Developers, operators, and executives (Ans)
- Developers and executives
- Developers and operators
What is NOT a good way to patch infrastructure in a DevOps environment?
- Build “gold” images that are used to replace existing servers.
- Log into servers and run update scripts. (Ans)
- Use centralized configuration management tools to push updates.
Infrastructure-as-code refers to building virtual machines with languages like Java or C#.
- False (Ans)
- True
How does one conduct a “blameless postmortem”?
- By focusing on the facts of the incident, and focusing on fixing processes, technology (Ans)
- By identifying the party outside the team that caused the incident
- By considering how the incident would have gone differently by making different choices
A well-designed application team has no dependencies on other teams.
- True
- False (Ans)
Ans:- 2. False
Why does product documentation need a new approach in DevOps?
- More frequent product changes result in out-of-date product docs. (Ans)
- Technical writers aren’t part of a DevOps organization.
- Typically developers wrote all the product docs, but now operators do.
How does a blue/green deployment work?
- While “blue” is serving production, “green” is updated and starts accepting production traffic. (Ans)
- The “blue” environment is production and “green” environment acts as a test bed.
- “Blue” and “green” both serve production traffic but only one is updated at a time.
What does NOT belong in the application package?
- Infrastructure scripts
- Instructions for post-deployment manual changes (Ans)
- Application binary or container
- Environment variable definition
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