it is used to convert and copy files.

the given is converted to upper case letters.

copies the files from file1 to file2 and converts fonts of the string

copies the files from file1 to file2 and converts fonts of the string

swap each pair of input bytes woth each other

 the requirement is that the dd command shouldn't do anything when the output file already exists, then this condition can be enforced using the excl value for the conv option

dd just overwrites the output file .to append the text instead, use the value append for oflag FLAG and notrunc for conv option.

it can also force dd command to not create output if the give file already does not exist.

The level of information to print to stderr 'none' suppress level  of information to print to stderr none suppresses everything but error messages,  noxfer suppresses  the  final transfer  statistics, progress shows periodic transfer statistics

converts the give sentence to lower case