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How to install and configure nginx in Ubuntu?

April 8, 2021 comments off

Step 1: Update Software Repositories

$ sudo apt-get update

Step 2: Install Nginx From Ubuntu Repositories

Nginx is included in the Ubuntu 20.04 default repositories. Install it by entering the following command:
$ sudo apt-get install nginx

Step 3: Verify the Installation

Verify that Nginx installed correctly by checking the software version. Enter the following:
$ nginx -v

Step 4: Controlling the Nginx Service

Start by checking the status of the Nginx service:
$ sudo systemctl status nginx
$ sudo systemctl start nginx
$ sudo systemctl enable nginx
$ sudo systemctl stop nginx
$ sudo systemctl disable nginx
$ sudo systemctl reload nginx
$ sudo systemctl restart nginx

Step 5: Allow Nginx Traffic

# Start by displaying the available Nginx profiles:
$ sudo ufw app list

# To grant Nginx access through the default Ubuntu firewall, enter the following:
$ sudo ufw allow 'nginx http'

# Refresh the firewall settings by entering
$ sudo ufw reload

# For encrypted (https) traffic, enter:
$ sudo ufw allow 'nginx https'

# To allow both, enter:
$ sudo ufw allow 'nginx full'

Step 6: Test Nginx

Make sure that the Nginx service is running, as in Step 4. Open a web browser, and navigate to the following web address:

http://127.0.0.1

$ sudo apt-get install curl
$ curl –i 127.0.0.1

Step 7: Configure a Server Block (Optional)

In Nginx, a server block is a configuration that works as its own server. By default, Nginx has one server block preconfigured.

It is located at /var/www/html.


vi /var/www/html/index.html

In the text editor, enter the following HTML code:

<html>
   <head>
      <title>Welcome to test_domain.com!</title>
   </head>
   <body>
      <h1>This message confirms that your Nginx server block is working. Great work!</h1>
   </body>
</html>

Important Nginx File Locations

By default, Nginx stores different configuration and log files in the following locations:

    • /var/www/html – Website content as seen by visitors.
    • /etc/nginx – Location of the main Nginx application files.
    • /etc/nginx/nginx.conf – The main Nginx configuration file.
    • /etc/nginx/sites-available – List of all websites configured through Nginx.
    • /etc/nginx/sites-enabled – List of websites actively being served by Nginx.
    • /var/log/nginx/access.log – Access logs tracking every request to your server.
    • /var/log/ngins/error.log – A log of any errors generated in Nginx.

Reference

  • https://phoenixnap.com/kb/how-to-install-nginx-on-ubuntu-20-04
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