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Chef Tutorials: What is Chef Solo with example programs


How to deploy chef cookbooks without chef server? – Answer is – Chef Solo

What is Chef Solo?

chef-solo is a command that executes Chef Infra Client in a way that does not require the Chef Infra Server to converge cookbooks. chef-solo uses Chef Infra Client’s Chef local mode, and does not support the following functionality present in Chef Infra Client / server configurations:

Centralized distribution of cookbooks
A centralized API that interacts with and integrates infrastructure components
Authentication or authorization

How Chef solo Works?

chef-solo supports two locations from which cookbooks can be run:

  • A local directory.
  • A URL at which a tar.gz archive is located.

Before running Chef-Solo on the local machine, one needs to install the following two files on the local machine.

  • Solo.rb − This file tells Chef about where to find cookbooks, roles, and data bags.
  • Node.json − This file sets the run list and any node-specific attribute, if required.

A small chef-solo example



 
Install chef
============
> curl -L https://www.opscode.com/chef/install.sh | bash
 
Check
=====
> chef-solo -v
 
Setup chef repository
=====================
> wget http://github.com/opscode/chef-repo/tarball/master
 
> tar zxvf master
 
> mv opscode-chef-repo-f9d4b0c/ chef-repo
 
>ls chef-repo/
 
Create .chef directory inside chef-repo
=======================================
> mkdir chef-repo/.chef
 
Setup a local cookbook path
===========================
 
> vi chef-repo/.chef/knife.rb
cookbook_path [ ‘/root/chef-repo/cookbooks’ ]
 
Create your first cookbook
==========================
 
> knife cookbook create ntp
 
Writing your first recipe
=========================
> vi chef-repo/cookbooks/ntp/recipes/default.rb
 
package ‘ntp’
 
Now configure your server using chef-solo
=========================================
> vi chef-repo/solo.rb
 
file_cache_path “/root/chef-solo”
cookbook_path “/root/chef-repo/cookbooks”
 
> vi node.json
 
{
“run_list”: [ “recipe[ntp]” ]
}
 
Ensure ntp is not installed
===========================
> yum remove -y ntp
 
Use chef-solo to configure your server
=====================================
 
> chef-solo -c chef-repo/solo.rb -j chef-repo/node.json
 
Confirm ntp is installed
========================
> yum info ntp
 

Reference

  • https://docs.chef.io/chef_solo/
  • https://www.devopsschool.com/blog/difference-between-chef-infra-server-vs-chef-zero-vs-chef-solo/
  • https://docs.chef.io/ctl_chef_solo/

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I'm Rajesh Kumar, a DevOps, SRE, DevSecOps, Cloud, and Platform Engineering expert passionate about sharing practical knowledge, real-world experiences, and industry best practices. I have worked at Cotocus and regularly write about technology, travel, investing, health, product reviews, and digital marketing through my various platforms. I publish technical articles at DevOps School, travel stories at Holiday Landmark, stock market insights at Stocks Mantra, health and fitness guidance at My Medic Plus, product reviews at TrueReviewNow, and SEO and digital marketing strategies at Wizbrand.

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