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kube-hunter Trainer

Private corporate batches, live online cohorts and 1-on-1 mentoring in authorised discovery of exposed Kubernetes attack surface, and closing it — taught by a practitioner who runs it in production.

20 years across DevOps, SRE and Security · 10,000+ engineers trained · Trained teams at JPMorgan Chase, Verizon, Nokia and the World Bank

DeliveryOnline · Onsite · Hybrid
FormatsCorporate · 1-on-1 · Cohort
AgendaCustomisable
Batch size8–30 engineers
Engineers we've trained work at
JPMorgan ChaseBank of AmericaWells FargoVerizonNokiaWorld BankGE HealthcareVMwareOracleQualcommMercedes-BenzAirbusDatadogSplunkDeloitteInfosysWiproCapgemini
# who teaches it

Your kube-hunter trainer

Rajesh Kumar

Principal DevOps Engineer & Architect

Container platformsCluster operationsProduction Kubernetes20 years in productionPrincipal / architect roles10,000+ engineers trainedM.Tech BITS Pilani25+ certifications

Rajesh teaches kube-hunter defensively and in order: scope and written authorisation first, then the threat model, then scanning your own cluster from each vantage point that matters — outside, inside the pod network, and from a compromised workload. Every finding class in the syllabus is followed straight away by the remediation and the re-verification, from kubelet authentication and API server anonymous access through service account token hygiene and metadata endpoint blocking. Sessions run only against clusters the attendees own, and pair kube-hunter with kube-bench so exposure and configuration are covered together.

Twenty years across DevOps, SRE and Security, in principal and architect roles at PayPay, SoftwareAG, ServiceNow, JDA Software, Intuit, Adobe and others. He has trained engineers at JPMorgan Chase, Verizon, Nokia, the World Bank, VMware, Oracle, Mercedes-Benz and Airbus — more than 10,000 people personally. He teaches what he runs, not what he reads.

One practitioner, not a bench

You are booked with a named engineer, and that is who turns up. Marketplaces and larger providers rotate whoever is free, so the person who sold you the agenda is rarely the person teaching it.

The same trainer is available for the next engagement, which matters when a team builds on what it learned last time.

18,000+certified learners
500+corporate batches delivered
50+countries served
100+certification programmes
# faculty

Who delivers kube-hunter engagements

Your batch is assigned a named trainer before it starts, and that is who teaches it. See the full faculty.

How your kube-hunter trainer is chosen

Engagements are matched on the tool, not the calendar. For kube-hunter that means a trainer who has run it in production — authorised discovery of exposed Kubernetes attack surface, and closing it — rather than whoever is free that week. You are told who is teaching before you commit, and that person is on the discovery call that shapes the agenda.

Where a batch is large enough to need a second trainer, the pairing is declared up front. The lead trainer stays accountable for the syllabus and the assessment either way.

Rajesh Kumar

Principal DevOps Engineer & Architect

India20 yrsLead trainer

Twenty years across DevOps, SRE and Security in principal and architect roles at PayPay, SoftwareAG, ServiceNow, JDA Software, Intuit, Adobe, IBM/Emptoris, Ness, MindTree and Accenture. He has trained more than 10,000 engineers personally, at organisations including JPMorgan Chase, Verizon, Nokia, the World Bank, VMware, Oracle, Mercedes-Benz and Airbus. He teaches what he runs, not what he reads.

Balachandran Anbalagan

IndiaInstructorCoach

Durga Prasad

IndiaInstructorCoach

Gaurav Aggarwal

IndiaInstructorCoach

Harsh Mehta

IndiaInstructorCoach

Kapil Gupta

IndiaInstructorCoach

Kunal Jain

IndiaInstructorCoach

Nikhil Gupta

IndiaInstructorCoach

Pranab Kumar

IndiaInstructorCoach

Rohit Ghatol

IndiaInstructorCoach

Amit Agarwal

IndiaInstructorCoach

Anil Kumar

IndiaInstructorCoach

# how to engage

Four ways to work with this trainer

Private corporate batch

Teams of 8–30

Custom agenda, your timezone, onsite or online, NDA-friendly.

Request a quote

1-on-1 mentoring

Individual engineers

A private instructor and a curriculum built around your goal.

₹99,999

Live & Interactive cohort

Individuals who want peers

Scheduled batch, max 8 to 10 hours of live instruction.

₹34,999

Self-paced video

Self-starters

Full LMS access — 20+ courses and 50+ tools included.

₹833/mo
# private batches

Private kube-hunter training for your team

A private batch starts with a discovery call. We look at the stack you actually run — the CI system, the cloud, the constraints — and map the agenda onto it, so examples use your topology rather than a generic one.

Delivery is onsite at your premises, live online, or hybrid, scheduled around your release calendar rather than ours. Batches run 8 to 30 engineers.

Every attendee leaves with recordings, slides, lab repositories and a completion certificate. You receive an attendance and assessment report. Invoicing supports PO and GST.

Talk to us about a private kube-hunter batch

What you provide vs what we bring

  • You: the room or the call, and the engineers
  • Us: trainer, agenda, labs, assessment, certificates
  • Labs: we guide your team through provisioning their own free-tier cloud environment — the skill goes with them
# the technology

What is kube-hunter?

kube-hunter is an open-source tool that looks at a Kubernetes cluster the way an unauthenticated attacker would, and reports what it can reach. Where kube-bench inspects configuration from inside a node, kube-hunter probes from a network position and asks a different question: given this vantage point, what is exposed? It is a self-assessment tool for clusters you own and are authorised to test.

It runs in several modes, and the mode is the point. Remote mode scans a named host. Interface mode scans everything reachable from the machine's network interfaces. CIDR mode sweeps a range. Pod mode runs kube-hunter as a pod inside the cluster, which answers the most useful question of all — what does an attacker who has compromised one workload get to see? Findings are grouped into discovery results, which describe what services are reachable, and vulnerability results, which carry an identifier, a category mapped to MITRE ATT&CK for Containers, and remediation guidance.

The class of findings it surfaces is consistent and depressingly common: an API server answering anonymous requests, a kubelet with its read-only port on 10255 open or its authenticated port on 10250 accepting unauthenticated /run and /exec calls, etcd listening without client certificate authentication, an exposed dashboard, cloud instance metadata reachable from inside a pod, and over-privileged service account tokens mounted by default. Every one of those is fixable, and closing them is the actual subject of this training.

Why this skill matters now

Cluster compromise rarely begins with a kernel exploit. It begins with something being reachable that should not have been — a management port bound to all interfaces, a dashboard exposed through an ingress, a node's kubelet answering questions from the pod network, or a service account token that lets one compromised container list secrets across the cluster.

Those exposures are invisible to the tools most teams already run. Image scanners look at packages. Configuration auditors read flags on the node they run on. Neither of them tells you what is actually reachable from the pod network, from another namespace, or from the office VPN — and that reachability is what determines blast radius.

Authorised self-assessment closes that gap, and it is increasingly expected. Security reviews, customer questionnaires and internal red-team programmes all ask whether the cluster's exposed surface has been tested from an attacker's vantage point rather than assumed from the manifest. The skill worth training is not running a scanner; it is scoping the exercise properly, triaging findings honestly, understanding why each exposure matters, and remediating and re-verifying so the finding stays closed.

kube-hunter training
# outcomes

What your team can do afterwards

Scope an authorised cluster self-assessment properly — written approval, boundaries, blast radius and rules of engagement
Describe the Kubernetes attack surface systematically using MITRE ATT&CK for Containers as the frame
Run kube-hunter in remote, interface, CIDR and pod modes, and know which question each mode answers
Understand the difference between passive discovery and active hunting, and when active mode is inappropriate
Triage findings accurately: real exposure, expected behaviour, and false positive
Close the control-plane exposure classes — anonymous API access, exposed etcd, exposed dashboard, kubelet ports
Reduce what a compromised pod can reach: service account tokens, cloud metadata, capabilities and namespace isolation
Verify every remediation by re-testing from the same vantage point rather than trusting the manifest
Fit self-assessment into a wider programme alongside configuration auditing, admission control and runtime detection
# curriculum

7 modules. Live demos in a real lab, not slides.

01Authorisation, scope and the Kubernetes threat modelLive & Interactive5 hrs · 2 assignments · 1 capstone

Before any tool runs. Written authorisation and why it is non-negotiable even on your own infrastructure, defining scope and blast radius, notifying the right people, and then a structured view of the Kubernetes attack surface using MITRE ATT&CK for Containers so findings have somewhere to sit.

Topics: Written authorisation, scope definition and rules of engagement · Blast radius, change windows and stakeholder notification · MITRE ATT&CK for Containers as a mapping frame · Attack surface: control plane, node, pod network, supply chain, cloud identity · Threat actor positions: internet, corporate network, pod, compromised node · Where self-assessment fits alongside auditing and runtime detection · Handling and storing findings responsibly

  • Assignments: (1) Write the authorisation and scope document for a cluster you own; (2) Map five known Kubernetes exposure classes onto ATT&CK for Containers techniques
  • Capstone: Produce a self-assessment charter that a security lead would sign off
02Running kube-hunter — modes and vantage pointsLive & Interactive5 hrs · 2 assignments · 1 capstone

The mechanics, and the reasoning behind each mode. Installing and running kube-hunter, remote versus interface versus CIDR versus pod mode, passive discovery against active hunting and why active mode belongs only in a controlled window, and getting output into a form you can work with.

Topics: Installation: pip, container image and the in-cluster Job manifest · --remote, --interface and --cidr scanning modes · --pod mode: the compromised-workload vantage point · Passive hunting vs --active, and the risk of active checks · Output formats: plain, YAML, JSON and report handling · Logging, verbosity and reproducing a run · Choosing the vantage point that matches your threat model

  • Assignments: (1) Scan the same cluster from three vantage points and compare the finding sets; (2) Produce a machine-readable report and extract findings by severity
  • Capstone: Deliver a baseline self-assessment of your own cluster from every relevant vantage point
03Reading and triaging findingsLive & Interactive5 hrs · 2 assignments · 1 capstone

The step that separates a useful report from noise. How hunters are organised, what discovery findings mean versus vulnerability findings, the identifier and category scheme, and a triage process that separates genuine exposure from expected behaviour and from false positives.

Topics: Hunter taxonomy: discovery hunters vs vulnerability hunters · Finding identifiers, categories and severity · Discovery results as a reachability map, not a vulnerability list · Triage: exploitable, exposed-but-controlled, expected, false positive · Corroborating a finding manually with curl and kubectl · Prioritising by reachability and blast radius rather than raw severity · Writing a finding up so an engineer can act on it

  • Assignments: (1) Triage a full report and justify the classification of every finding; (2) Manually confirm three findings without relying on the tool's claim
  • Capstone: Convert a raw scan into a prioritised, evidence-backed remediation backlog
04Control-plane and node exposureLive & Interactive5 hrs · 2 assignments · 1 capstone

The highest-value findings and how to close them. Anonymous access to the API server, the insecure and read-only ports, etcd reachable without client certificate authentication, an exposed dashboard, and the kubelet's authenticated and read-only ports — each explained, then remediated, then re-tested.

Topics: API server anonymous authentication and unauthenticated endpoints · Authorisation mode and what anonymous callers can still enumerate · etcd exposure and client certificate authentication · Kubelet port 10250: authentication, authorisation webhook, /run and /exec · Kubelet read-only port 10255 and metrics exposure · Dashboard exposure and safe access patterns · Network placement: binding, firewalls and management network separation · Re-verifying each fix from the original vantage point

  • Assignments: (1) Close every kubelet finding on a node and re-scan to prove it; (2) Restrict API server anonymous access and confirm the change from outside
  • Capstone: Take a cluster from a control-plane exposure baseline to a clean re-scan with evidence for each fix
05The pod's-eye viewLive & Interactive5 hrs · 2 assignments · 1 capstone

What an attacker gets after compromising one workload, which is the realistic starting point for most incidents. Service account tokens, cloud instance metadata endpoints, reachable internal services, Linux capabilities and privileged containers, and the paths from a container to the node.

Topics: Default service account token automounting and what a token can do · RBAC reachable from a compromised pod, and enumerating it · Cloud instance metadata endpoints and credential theft from pods · Lateral movement across namespaces without network policy · Capabilities, privileged containers, hostPID, hostNetwork and hostPath · Container-to-node escape paths and what blocks them · Kubelet and API server access from within the pod network

  • Assignments: (1) Run kube-hunter in pod mode and enumerate everything the pod's identity can reach; (2) Block metadata endpoint access from pods and re-test
  • Capstone: Reduce a compromised pod's reachable surface to a documented minimum and prove the reduction
06Remediation patterns and verificationLive & Interactive5 hrs · 2 assignments · 1 capstone

Turning findings into durable controls rather than one-off fixes. Least-privilege RBAC and service account hygiene, default-deny network policies, Pod Security Standards, admission control, secrets handling, and a verification loop that proves each control still holds after the next deployment.

Topics: Least-privilege RBAC and eliminating wildcard roles · Disabling automountServiceAccountToken and using bound tokens · Default-deny NetworkPolicies and namespace isolation · Pod Security Standards: baseline and restricted enforcement · Admission control with OPA Gatekeeper or Kyverno for durable guardrails · Secrets: encryption at rest, external stores, avoiding environment variables · Re-verification: scripted re-scans and regression evidence · Recording accepted risks with justification and review dates

  • Assignments: (1) Enforce the restricted Pod Security Standard and fix the workloads it rejects; (2) Write an admission policy that prevents a class of finding from reappearing
  • Capstone: Deliver a remediation set where each fix is backed by a re-scan and a guardrail that stops regression
07Building the programme around the toolLive & Interactive5 hrs · 2 assignments · 1 capstone

Self-assessment as a repeating control instead of a project. Scheduling scans, combining kube-hunter with kube-bench and image scanning so exposure, configuration and content are all covered, reporting to security and engineering audiences, and handling the reality that any single tool has a lifecycle.

Topics: Scheduled self-assessment cadence and change-triggered scans · Combining kube-hunter with kube-bench, Trivy and runtime detection · Coverage gaps no scanner closes, and manual review · Reporting to engineering vs reporting to security leadership · Tracking exposure trend rather than snapshot counts · Tool lifecycle: kube-hunter is archived upstream — assessing successors · Migrating checks to actively maintained tooling without losing coverage · Incident readiness: what these findings tell you during a live incident

  • Assignments: (1) Design a scanning cadence tied to change events, not just the calendar; (2) Map every kube-hunter finding class you rely on to a maintained alternative
  • Capstone: Deliver a Kubernetes security assessment programme with cadence, tooling, reporting and a tool-succession plan

Need this mapped to your stack?

We rebuild the agenda around the tools you actually run.

Request a custom agenda
# hands-on

Labs and capstones your engineers actually build

LAB · SCOPE

Authorisation before packets

Write the scope, authorisation and rules-of-engagement document for your own cluster, including blast radius and the notification list, before any scan runs.

authorisationscopegovernance
LAB · BASELINE

Three vantage points, three answers

Scan the same cluster remotely, from the pod network and from inside a pod, then reconcile why the finding sets differ.

remotepod modediscovery
LAB · TRIAGE

Confirm it yourself

Take a raw report and manually corroborate each finding with curl and kubectl, classifying every one as exploitable, controlled, expected or false positive.

triageverificationevidence
LAB · CONTROL PLANE

Close the open ports

Remediate anonymous API access, kubelet 10250 and 10255, and etcd exposure, re-scanning after each change to prove the finding is gone.

kubeletetcdapiserver
LAB · BLAST RADIUS

Shrink the compromised pod

From pod mode, enumerate the service account's reach and the metadata endpoint, then cut both with RBAC, network policy and token settings.

serviceaccountmetadatanetworkpolicy
CAPSTONE · PROGRAMME

Assess, fix, guard, re-assess

Run a full authorised assessment, remediate the backlog, add admission guardrails that stop regression, and produce the report and cadence plan.

gatekeeperreportingcadence
# ecosystem

The tools kube-hunter sits next to

Kubernetes
kube-bench
Trivy
Falco
OPA / Gatekeeper
Kyverno
Vault
Calico
Cilium
Prometheus
OpenShift
MITRE ATT&CK for Containers

Who this is for

  • Security engineers assessing Kubernetes estates they are authorised to test
  • Platform and DevOps engineers who need to understand their own exposed surface
  • SREs responsible for cluster hardening and incident response
  • Internal red and purple team members adding Kubernetes to their coverage
  • Architects defining security standards for multi-tenant or multi-team clusters
  • Engineers preparing for CKS or an external penetration test of a cluster

Pre-requisites

  • Solid Kubernetes fundamentals — API server, kubelet, RBAC, service accounts and namespaces
  • Comfortable on a Linux command line and with curl, TLS and basic network troubleshooting
  • Written authorisation to test the cluster used in the labs, or a cluster you build yourself
  • Basic understanding of authentication, authorisation and certificate concepts
  • Access to a multi-node cluster you own, or free-tier cloud instances to build one
# pricing

Straightforward pricing

Every plan includes 1 year of full LMS access — not just this course, the entire DevOpsSchool LMS: 20+ courses, 50+ tools, videos, quizzes, assignments and projects.

Self-paced video

₹833/mo

Billed yearly at ₹9,996

Enroll now

1-on-1 mentorship

₹99,999

Full program, private instructor

Enroll 1-on-1

Corporate / private batch

8–30 engineers · custom agenda · onsite or online · PO and GST invoicing

Get a custom quote

Refunds. If we cancel or postpone a cohort, you get a full refund within 15 days. There is no money-back guarantee otherwise.

Terms. Course material remains licensed to the attendee. Read the terms.

Your data. We don't share it with third parties. Privacy policy.

Every attendee gets a verifiable certificate

  • Issued per attendee on completion
  • Verifiable at devopsschool.com/certificates
  • Hard copy available on request
  • Corporate batches receive an attendance and assessment report
DevOpsSchool

kube-hunter Training

Certificate of completion

# feedback

What engineers say

4.4 / 5 from 26 reviews on Trustpilot.

★★★★★
Rajesh is a very good trainer I have experienced in DevSecOps training. The number of contents in different topics he has posted on the DevOpsSchool public website are amazing and user friendly for beginners and experienced professionals.
Ashutosh Mishra · Trustpilot
★★★★★
Very good training session. Well explained from the basics to the complex concepts. Also tried to cover practicals and demos within the 3 hour sessions. The learning content and videos are of a great deal of help.
Sreekanth Kannoth · Trustpilot
★★★★★
Basics explanation was exemplary from Rajesh where he dealt with complicated topics to be simple. Great learning stuff personally for me.
Krishna Mohan Yelleti · Trustpilot
★★★★★
Very detailed explanation and has lots of patience in attending the questionnaire. Thanks again for your wonderful sessions.
Uttam Samudrala · Trustpilot
★★★★★
Good discussion, helped us to understand different tools in SRE.
Prashant Saxena · Trustpilot
★★★★★
Got good lab sessions which kept the new DevOps tool learnings to the point and it helped a lot in my career.
robin son · Trustpilot
# comparison

Why a named practitioner beats a marketplace listing

What mattersYouTube + blogsGeneric online courseFreelance marketplaceDevOpsSchool
Named practitionerNoRarelyVaries per bookingYes — same trainer each time
Production experienceUnknownUnknownUnverified20 years, named employers
Custom agendaNoNoSometimesBuilt from your stack
Onsite deliveryNoNoSometimesYes
Lab environmentNoneSandbox that expiresVariesYour own cloud — skill goes with you
AssessmentNoneQuizRarelyAssignments + capstone per module
Per-attendee certificatesNoSometimesRarelyYes
Corporate invoicingNoLimitedVariesPO and GST
Post-training supportNoneForum, time-limitedNoneLifetime forum access
# questions

Frequently asked

Is this teaching people to attack Kubernetes clusters?
No. It is a defensive self-assessment course: you test clusters you own and are authorised to test, then spend most of the time remediating and verifying. Module 1 is entirely about authorisation and scope, and every finding class in the syllabus is paired with its fix.
Do we need a dedicated cluster for the labs?
Yes, and it must be one you own. Attendees build their own cluster with our guidance, which removes any question of authorisation and lets us deliberately misconfigure it to produce findings worth triaging.
What is the difference from kube-bench?
kube-bench audits configuration from inside a node against the CIS benchmark. kube-hunter probes from a network position and reports what is actually reachable. They answer different questions and the course pairs them deliberately.
Should we use active mode?
Rarely, and never casually. Active checks perform actions rather than just observing, so they belong in a controlled window on a cluster you own with explicit approval. Module 2 covers the distinction and when passive scanning is sufficient.
kube-hunter is archived upstream — is it still worth learning?
The tool is archived but the finding classes it surfaces are exactly the ones that still cause cluster compromise, and the remediation work is unchanged. Module 7 addresses this head on and maps each check you rely on to a maintained alternative.
Does this prepare people for CKS?
It covers a good part of the cluster setup and hardening domains, plus service account, network policy and Pod Security Standards material. If CKS is the goal, say so and we weight the agenda toward the exam objectives.
Can the agenda be customised for our stack?
Yes — that is the normal case for a private batch. We start with a discovery call, look at your cluster types, network topology, cloud provider and existing security tooling, and rebuild the module list around them.
How long does a private kube-hunter batch take?
Two days for the full agenda. A one-day version covers scoping, scanning, triage and control-plane remediation but drops the admission-control guardrails and the programme module.
Do you deliver onsite?
Yes. Private batches run onsite at your premises, live online, or hybrid, scheduled around your release calendar.
What size are batches?
Private corporate batches run 8 to 30 engineers. Public Live & Interactive cohorts are capped at 10.
Do attendees get a certificate?
Yes — a completion certificate per attendee, verifiable at devopsschool.com/certificates, plus an attendance and assessment report for corporate batches.
What is your refund position?
If we cancel or postpone a cohort, you receive a full refund within 15 days. There is no general money-back guarantee, and GST and gateway fees are not refunded.

Still deciding?

Tell us the team, the stack and the timeline. You'll get a straight answer, not a sales sequence.

Talk to an advisor
# ready when you are

Book a kube-hunter trainer — or ask a question first.

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  • Syllabus in 60 seconds
  • A human reply within one business day

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